© Petro Kyslovskyi, Deputy Head of Division,
ORCID: 0000-0001-8495-7130,
e-mail: pkyslovskyy@insat.org.ua
( State Road Transport Research Institute);
©Mykola Yashchenko, Ph.D.,
ORCID: 0000-0003-2418-1910,
e-mail: nikyaschenko@gmail.com
(National Transport University);
© Valentyn Yashchenko, Engineer,
ORCID: 0000-0002-3501-6227,
e-mail: vyashchenko@insat.org.ua
(State Road Transport Research Institute)
CYBERSECURITY OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND CHARGING SYSTEMS
DOI: 10.33868/0365-8392-2025-1-282-2-7
Abstract. The article shows the basics of communication systems for electric vehicles and charging systems and factors affecting their safety. Electric vehicle has a number of systems for data exchange between electronic control units of the vehicle. This unit’s exchange signals, which can be used by hackers to access information through the interfaces that are in the electric vehicle. Charging systems also poses risks to confidential information through unauthorized access to a charging unit. Potential vulnerabilities that can be exploited in case of insufficient protection or charging station are: the combination of short data encryption keys and long periods of their validity; insufficient use of encryption algorithms; using outdated cryptographic algorithms. To increase the safety of the charging infrastructure it: must support the re-mote change of all passwords; must be able to use certificates issued by the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI); should detect physical tampering by having a cover; must have sufficient memory and processing power. However, the question of in-formation transfer between the electric vehicle and the charging equipment has not been treated sufficiently. Such com-munication is necessary for the optimization of energy resources and energy production systems so that vehicles can recharge in the most economical and most safely way. It is proposed to review the standards for electric vehicles, which will increase their cyber security as a single system connected to consumers of mobile devices and charging stations. The new communication standard may serve in the future to contribute to the stabilization of the electrical grid as well as to support additional information services required to operate electric vehicles efficiently and economically.
Keywords: electric vehicle, charging infrastructure, charging interfaces, communication standards, open charge point protocol, public key infrastructure, cybersecurity.
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